Today in this article, we are talking about Environment & Ecology Information | General Knowledge, which will help you in SSC and other exams. It is part of the geography in which we are telling you about Environment and Ecology.
All external conditions factors matter and energy living and non-living that affect any living organism or other specified system.
Biological science that studies the relationships between living organism and their environment; study of the structure and functions of nature.
it is define ed as a unit which include all the organisms (biological components)in a given are interacting with the environment (physical component ) so that the flow energy leads to a clearly defined tropic structure biotic diversity and material cycles.
terrestrial regions characterized by certain types of vegetation and other forms of life. Examples include various types of deserts grasslands and forests,
Land that is covered all part of the time with saltwater or freshwater excluding streams,lakes and the open ocean.
Variety of different species genetic variability among individuals within each species (genetic diversity) variety of ecosystem (ecological diversity ) and functions such as energy flow and matter cycling needed for the survival of species of and biological communities (functional diversity).
Zone of the earth where life is found.it consists of parts of the atmosphere( troposphere)hydrosphere (mostly surface water and groundwater ) and lithosphere (mostly soil and surface rocks and sediments on the bottoms of oceans and other bodies of water)where life is found.Compare atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere.
All free undomesticated species.Sometimes the term is used to describe animals only.
Wild spices that is still aboundant in its natural range but is likely became endangered because of a decline in numbers.
(O3) colorless and highly reactive gas and a major component of petrochemical smog. Also found in the ozone layer in the ultra violet rays.
Originally a combination of smoke and fog but now used to describe other mixtures of pollutants in the atmosphere.
it refers to the precipitation with eleventh levels of hydrogen ions or a low pH. when fossil fuel is burnt oxides are formed in the atmosphere. the oxides formed are carbon oxides.All of these oxides from the acidic solution when they dissolve in water.
Warming of the Earth,s lower atmosphere (troposphere)because of increases in the concentrations of one or more greenhouse gases.it can result in irreversible climate change that can last for decades to thousands of years.
the ministry of environment and forests Government of India instituted a scheme that is operating on a national basis and provides accreditation and labeling for household and other consumer product which meet certain environmental criteria.
Coral bleaching occurs when the relation between the coral host and Zooxanthallae which give coral much of their color breaks down without the zooxanthallae the tissue of the coral,s bright white skelton is reveald.
Ability of earth,s various systems including human cultural systems and economies to survive and adapt to changing environmental conditions indefinitely.
| Kaziranga National Park | Assam | One-horned rhinoceros, Gaur, Elephant, Leopart, |
| Sonia Rupai wildlife sanctuary | Assam | Elephant, sambhar, wild boar and one-horned |
| Namdapha national park | Arunachal Pradesh | Elephant,panther sambhar tiger cheetal, kobra |
| Gautama Buddha sanctuary | Bihar | Tiger liopart sambhar chetal and barking deer |
| Achanakmar Sanctuary | Chhattisgarh | Tiger boar chhetal sambhar and bison |
| Velvadora national park | Gujarat | Wolf and black bulf
|
| Wild ass Sanctuary | Gujarat | Wild ass wolf nilgai and chinkara |
| Gir forest | Gujarat | India’s biggest wildlife Sanctuary famous for girl lions |
| Dachigama National park | Jammu & Kashmir | Kashmiri stag lion tailed marmot himalayan serow |
| Banerghatta national park | Karnataka | Elephant cheetal deer and grey partridge and green pigeon |
| Bhadra Sanctuary | Karnataka | Elephant cheetal panther sambhar and wild boar |
| Bandipur national park dandeli Sanctuary | Karnataka and Tamil Nadu | Elephant tiger panther sambhar deer and boar |
| Tungabhadra Sanctuary | Karnataka | Panther tiger Elephant Cheetal Sambhar and wild boar |
| Panchmarhi Sanctuary | Madhya Pradesh | Tiger Leopard wild bear and four Hourned antelope |
| Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary | Madhya Pradesh | Tiger panther boar Sambar Nilgai and barking deer |
| Bandhavgarh national park | Madhya Pradesh | Cheetal Sambhar Chinkara and wild birds |
| Simlipal Sanctuary | Odisha | Tiger panther Cheetal Nilgai and wild boar |
| Ghana bird Sanctuary | Rajasthan | Water bird black duck Cheetal and Sambhar |
| Khangchenzonga national park | Sikkim | Snow leopard musk deer and Himalayan boar |
| Vedanthangal bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Important bird Sanctuary |
| Chandraprabha Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | Gir lion Cheetal and Sambhar |
| Dudhwa national park | Uttar Pradesh | Tiger panther Sambar Cheetal Nilgai and barking deer |
| Corbett National park | Uttrakhand | Tiger Leopart Elephant and Sambhar (named in memory of Jim Corbett) |
| Jaldapara Sanctuary | West Bangal | Rhinoceros Elephant |
| Sunderban Tiger Reserve | West Bengal | Tiger deer wild boar crocodile and Gangetic dolphin |
| Name | States | type | Area (km) |
| Manas | Assam | East Himalayan | 2,837 km |
| Dibru-saikhowa | Assam | East Himalayan | 765 km |
| Seshchalam hillsa | Andhra pradesh | Eastern ghats | 4,55.997 km |
| Great nicobar (UNESCO) | Andaman and Nicobar island | Island | 885 km |
| Dihang-dibang | Arunachal pradesh | East Himalayan | 5112 km |
| Great rann of kachchh | Gujarat | Desert | 12,454 km |
| Cold desert | Himachal pradesh | Western Himlayan | 7,770 km |
| Agasthyamalai | Kerala Tamil NNadu | Western ghats | 1,828 km |
| Pachmarhi(unrsco) | Madhya pradesh | Semi arid | 4,926 km |
| Achanakamar-amarkantak(UNESCO) | Madhya Pradesh ,Chhattisgarh | Mailkara Ranga | 3,835 km |
| Nokrek | Meghalaya | Eastern Himalayan | 820 km |
| Simlipal | Odisha | Deccan peninsula | 4,374 km |
| Khangendzonga | Sikkim | Eeast Himalayan | 2,620 km |
| Nilgiri | Tamil Nadu Kerala and Karnataka | Western ghats | 5,520 km |
| Gulf of manner | Tamil Nadu | Coasts | 10,500 km |
| Nanda devi | Uttarakhand | West Himalayan | 5,860 km |
| Sunderban | West Bangal | Gangetic delta | 9,630 km |
| Panna | Madhya Pradesh | Semi-Arid | 2,998 km |
| UNConference on the human Enviroent | Stockhoim (1972) |
| Convention on migratory species | Bonn (1979) |
| Convention for the protection of the ozone layer | Vienna (1985) |
| Pototocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer | Montreal (1987) |
| Convention on the transboundary moment of hazardous waster | Basel (1989) |
| Earth summit(Unconference on enviroment and development ) | Rio-de-janeiro (1992) |
| Convention on prior informed consent | Rotterdam (1998) |
| Unconference on sustainable development | Rio-de-janeiro (2012) |
| Nagoya protocal on genetic resources (nagoyaprotocal) | Nagoya (2010) |
| Convention on biological diversity(CBD-CoP-11) | Hyderabad (2012) |
| Lima Climate change conference(CoP-20) | Lima (2014) |
| Paris agreement(CoP-21) | Paris (2015) |
| Marrakech conference (CoP-22) | Marrakech Morocco (2016) |
| Project | Year |
| Project Hangul | 1970 |
| Project Gir | 1972 |
| Project Tiger | 1973 |
| Project Olive Riddey Turtles | 1975 |
| Crocodile Breeding Scheme | 1975 |
| Project Manipur Thamin | 1977 |
| Project Rhino | 1987 |
| Project Elephant | 1992 |
| Project Red Panda | 1996 |
| Project Vulture | 2006 |
| Birds | Great India Bustard, Forest Owlet, Valture Bangal Florican, Himalayan Quail, Siberina Crane. |
| Mammals | Flying Squirrel, Red Panda, Pygmy Hog, Kondana Rat, Snow Leopard, Asiatic Lion, One Horned Rhinoceros. |
| Reptiles | Gharial Hawksbill, Turtle, River Terrapin, Sispara Day Gecko. |
| Amphibians | Flying Frog, Tiger Toad |
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